Discussion board | Applied Sciences homework help
- While you are entertaining a customer, he makes a blatantly offensive joke. How do you respond?
Sources: Adapted from Richardson, J. E. (Ed.), Business Ethics 03/04 (15th ed.). Guilford, CT: McGraw-Hill/Dushkin, 2003; Soeken, D., “On Witnessing a Fraud,” in J. E. Richardson (Ed.), Business Ethics 07/08 (19th ed.). Dubuque, IA: McGraw-Hill/Dushkin, 2008. Utilitarian approach (Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill): Does this action provide the greatest good for the greatest number? Rights approach (Immanuel Kant): Does this action respect the moral rights (truth, privacy, noninjury, promises) of everyone? Fairness or justice approach (Aristotle, John Rawls): Is this action fair and free of discrimination or favoritism? Common-good approach (Plato, Aristotle, Cicero, John Rawls): Does the action further the common or community good? Virtue approach: Does this action promote the development of moral virtue (character) in me and my community? Two additional guidelines can help you evaluate whether you are behaving ethically: Professional ethic: How would an impartial jury of your professional peers judge this action? Publicity test: Would you be comfortable having the public learn about your behavior in the broadcast or print media?78 24 MASTER the chapter 87 review points Communication is important for career success. Communication is unavoidable, strategic, and irreversible. It is a process that involves instrumental and relational communication and identity management. It is not a panacea that will solve all problems. The communication model demonstrates how senders and receivers encode and decode messages in the process of developing a shared meaning. To improve communication, consider the characteristics of various channels, the desired tone of the message, the organization’s culture, and the use of multiple channels. Noise can interfere with exchange of a message. This type of distraction can be environmental, physiological, or psychological in nature and can be present in the sender, receiver, message, or channel. Good communicators reduce noise as much as possible. Formal communication networks (organizational charts) represent management’s view of organizational relationships: upward, downward, and horizontal/lateral. Informal networks, based on proximity, shared interests, or friendships, serve to confirm, expand, expedite, contradict, or circumvent formal communication. Effective communicators cultivate and use personal networking for career success. Professional success necessitates an understanding of and ability to apply various ethical frameworks (utilitarian, rights, fairness/justice, common good, virtue, professional ethic, publicity test) to consistently make principled decisions around ethical challenges. key terms asynchronous communication channel 88 communication networks decoding downward communication encoding feedback formal communication networks gatekeeper horizontal (lateral) communication identity management informal communication networks instrumental communication message networking noise organizational charts receiver relational communication sender synchronous communication upward communication activities 1. Invitation to Insight Keep a log of your work-related (or school-related) communication over a three-day period. Include who you have communicated with (superior, subordinate, peer, external) and your level of satisfaction with the communication. Based on your findings, analyze the following: a. How much time you spend communicating. b. With whom you communicate. (Identify each example as downward, upward, or horizontal flow of communication.) 25 89 c. Which channels of communication you tend to use most frequently. d. Your level of satisfaction. e. Areas where improving your communication skills would be desirable.