PHY102 Week 6 | Computational Physics in Physics - Grand canyon university
Week 6
assignment
Atomic and Nuclear Physics Exercises PHY-102: Atomic and Nuclear Physics Exercises Complete the following exercises.
1. Rank the
following in order of increased size?
A. Proton
B. Nucleus
C. Electron
D. Atom
2. Match the
following terms:
1. Mass
number
2. Isotopes
3. Nitrogen
4. Atomic number
A. The
number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.
B. The
number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.
C. The name
of the element with atomic number 7.
D. Atoms
with the same number of protons, but different number of neutrons.
3. Your
friend says your body is made up of more than 99.9999% empty space. What do you think?
4. An
isotope has 46 electrons, 60 neutrons, and 46 protons. Name the isotope.
5. Find the
approximate atomic mass of a water molecule (H2O). Give your answer in atomic mass units rounded to the nearest whole number.
6. Find the
approximate atomic mass of carbon dioxide. Give your answer in atomic mass units rounded to the nearest whole number.
7. Consider
chlorine-37. a. How many protons are there in the nucleus of Cl-37? b. How many neutrons are there in the nucleus of Cl-37?
8. Why is it
impossible to see an individual atom in an optical microscope?
9. Compare
alpha, beta, and gamma radiation.
10. Your
friend says the helium in your birthday helium balloon comes from radioactive decays. What is your response?
11. Radium-214
decays in an alpha decay. a. What is the mass number of the daughter isotope? b. What is the atomic number of the daughter isotope? c. What element is the daughter product?
12. Iodine-131
has a half-life of 8 days. How many days will it take before 32mg of Iodine-131 has decayed to 1mg?
13. Carbon-14
has a half-life of 5,730 years. If an archaeological sample has only one-fourth of the radioactivity of a similar sample from today, how old is the archaeological sample? Give your answer in years.
14. Can the
Carbon-14 isotope be used to date a stone tablet? Explain your answer.
15. Is it
feasible to make a car engine powered by nuclear fission? How can energy from nuclear fission be used to power cars indirectly?
The remaining questions are multiple-choice questions:
16. Consider
an atom. Which contributes most to the size of the atom?
A. The
electrons
B. The
neutrons
C. The
protons
D. Both the
neutrons and the protons
17. Consider
an atom. Which contributes most to the mass of the atom?
A. The
electrons
B. The
neutrons
C. The
protons
D. Both the
neutrons and the protons
18. What is
the name of the center of the atom?
A. Nucleus
B. Protons
C. Neutrons
D. Electrons
E. Ions
19. What makes
an element distinct?
A. The
number of electrons
B. The
number of neutrons
C. The
number of protons
D. The
number of ions
E. The
number of nucleons
20. What is
different between two isotopes of the same element?
A. The
number of electrons
B. The
number of neutrons
C. The
number of protons
D. The
number of ions
E. The
number of nucleons
21. When does
a nuclear fission reaction occur?
A. When a
nucleus is cut in two using a really sharp knife.
B. When two
nuclei collide and combine to one.
C. When a
large nucleus spontaneously is divided for no apparent reason.
D. When the
electric forces within the nucleus are stronger than the nuclear forces.
22. Which
processes release the energy in the sun?
A. Combustion
reactions
B. Gravitational
forces
C. Fusion
processes
D. Fission
processes
E. Electrical
discharges
23. Which
processes release the energy in the nuclear reactors used in power plants?
A. Combustion
reactions
B. Gravitational
forces
C. Fusion
processes
D. Fission
processes
E. Electrical
discharges
24. Where does
the energy released in nuclear reactions come from?
A. The mass
of the fuel