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SOC 6

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Zastrow13_Chapter12_FInal.key Data/image4-16.jpeg Data/image2-10.png Data/PlaceholderImage-14.png Data/PresetImageFill5-6.jpg Data/PresetImageFill2-3.jpg Data/PresetImageFill4-5.jpg Data/PresetImageFill1-2.jpg Data/PresetImageFill0-1.jpg Data/PresetImageFill3-4.jpg Data/PlaceholderImage-small-15.png Data/mt-16CE8D1A-4DCD-40E5-BC4F-EC12051F9493-24.jpg Data/mt-6597B943-B802-4D05-B06A-5231676337E1-26.jpg Data/mt-46F8EDE2-2FF6-4BBA-9388-124CC74C995F-23.jpg Data/image2-small-11.png Data/mt-FC2103C3-97A0-4972-AA19-21476E16A005-25.jpg Data/mt-AE1728E0-1407-4D5F-81F9-68F63B18B53B-32.jpg Data/mt-DD3C0D65-919C-479C-9AEE-B697C6AA958D-27.jpg Data/image1-small-9.png Data/mt-CAAFF5A6-2768-4660-B4D6-8427920AA4BA-19.jpg Data/mt-D0744E0F-FD7A-41D6-9077-F69B36F035A4-29.jpg Data/mt-54452B7E-5880-4A4D-B311-ECF5E494E56C-28.jpg Data/image4-small-17.jpeg Data/mt-A309C9A9-1264-4AD0-B9D9-6F91CA278711-20.jpg Data/bullet_gbutton_gray-7.png Data/mt-0AC2E00D-B8D9-4EE6-A572-071CFD96E13A-22.jpg Data/mt-1D514458-60AB-4BD4-AA8B-C0C069D6EEAB-18.jpg Data/image1-8.png Data/mt-63018225-5C26-4246-8C1E-E8F8095C40B0-21.jpg Data/mt-6D4D7590-912A-40D4-A8D8-B29471029C54-30.jpg Data/mt-C338BA52-A9AA-45D7-9CBE-1E7166C98CCF-31.jpg Data/image3-small-13.png preview.jpg Chapter 12 Racism, Ethnocentrism, and Strategies for Advancing Social and Economic Justice Charles Zastrow | Sarah L. Hessenauer, Introduction to Social Work and Social Welfare: Empowering People, 13th Edition. © 2023 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Charles Zastrow | Sarah L. Hessenauer, Introduction to Social Work and Social Welfare: Empowering People, 13th Edition. © 2023 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Learning Objectives (1 of 2)

• Define and describe ethnic groups, ethnocentrism, racial groups, racism, prejudice, discrimination, oppression, and institutional discrimination
• Outline the sources of prejudice and discrimination • Summarize the effects and costs of discrimination and oppression

Charles Zastrow | Sarah L. Hessenauer, Introduction to Social Work and Social Welfare: Empowering People, 13th Edition. © 2023 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Learning Objectives (2 of 2)

• Understand background material on racial groups: African Americans, Latinos, Native Americans, and Asian Americans
• Outline strategies for advancing social and economic justice • Describe social work’s commitment to ending racial discrimination and

oppression • Forecast the pattern of race and ethnic relations in the United States in the future Charles Zastrow | Sarah L. Hessenauer, Introduction to Social Work and Social Welfare: Empowering People, 13th Edition. © 2023 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Define and Describe Ethnic Groups, Ethnocentrism, Racial Groups, Racism, Prejudice, Discrimination, Oppression, and Institutional Discrimination Charles Zastrow | Sarah L. Hessenauer, Introduction to Social Work and Social Welfare: Empowering People, 13th Edition. © 2023 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Ethnic Groups and Ethnocentrism • Ethnic group - Distinct group of people who share cultural background and characteristics, such as religion, language, dietary practices, national origin, and a common history, and who regard themselves as a distinct group

• Ethnocentrism - Characterized or based on the belief that one’s own group is superior; leads members of ethnic groups to view their culture as the best

Charles Zastrow | Sarah L. Hessenauer, Introduction to Social Work and Social Welfare: Empowering People, 13th Edition. © 2023 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Race and Racism • Race - Common set of physical characteristics • Racism - Belief that race is the primary determinant of human capacities and traits and that racial differences produce an inherent superiority of a particular race Charles Zastrow | Sarah L. Hessenauer, Introduction to Social Work and Social Welfare: Empowering People, 13th Edition. © 2023 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Prejudice, Discrimination, and Oppression • Prejudice - a preconceived adverse opinion or judgment formed without just grounds or before sufficient knowledge (negative prejudgment)

• Discrimination - the unfair treatment of a person, racial group, or minority; it is an action based on prejudice – Unprejudiced nondiscriminator, unprejudiced discriminator, prejudiced

nondiscriminator, prejudiced discriminator – De jure, de facto

• Oppression - the unjust or cruel exercise of authority or power

Charles Zastrow | Sarah L. Hessenauer, Introduction to Social Work and Social Welfare: Empowering People, 13th Edition. © 2023 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Racial and Ethnic Stereotypes and Discrimination • Stereotypes - generalizations, or assumptions, that people make about the characteristics of all members of a group, based on an image (sometimes wrong) about what people in a group are like

• Minority - a group, or a member of a group, of people of a distinct religious, ethnic, racial, or other demarcation that is smaller or less powerful than society’s controlling group
• Racial and ethnic discrimination - denying to members of minority groups equal access to opportunities, residential housing areas, membership in religious and social organizations, involvement in political activities, access to community services, and so on

Charles Zastrow | Sarah L. Hessenauer, Introduction to Social Work and Social Welfare: Empowering People, 13th Edition. © 2023 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Race as a Social Concept • A social definition is based on the way members of a society classify one another by physical characteristics • The sociological classification of races is indicated by different definitions of a race among various societies Charles Zastrow | Sarah L. Hessenauer, Introduction to Social Work and Social Welfare: Empowering People, 13th Edition. © 2023 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Institutional Racism and Institutional Discrimination

• Institutional racism refers to discriminatory acts and policies against a racial group that pervade the major macrosystems of society, including the legal, political, economic, and educational systems
• Institutional discrimination is the unfair treatment of an individual that is due to the established operating procedures, policies, laws, or objectives of large organizations

Charles Zastrow | Sarah L. Hessenauer, Introduction to Social Work and Social Welfare: Empowering People, 13th Edition. © 2023 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. White Privilege • White people (and White men in particular) have privileges that other Americans do not have Charles Zastrow | Sarah L. Hessenauer, Introduction to Social Work and Social Welfare: Empowering People, 13th Edition. © 2023 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Outline the Sources of Prejudice and Discrimination Charles Zastrow | Sarah L. Hessenauer, Introduction to Social Work and Social Welfare: Empowering People, 13th Edition. © 2023 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Causes of Racial Discrimination and Oppression – Projection – Frustration-aggression – Insecurity and inferiority – Authoritarianism – History – Competition and exploitation – Socialization patterns – Belief in “The One True Religion” ▪ White supremacy – The eye of the beholder Charles Zastrow | Sarah L. Hessenauer, Introduction to Social Work and Social Welfare: Empowering People, 13th Edition. © 2023 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Summarize the Effects and Costs of Discrimination and Oppression Charles Zastrow | Sarah L. Hessenauer, Introduction to Social Work and Social Welfare: Empowering People, 13th Edition. © 2023 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. The Effects and Costs of Discrimination and Oppression

• Discrimination has psychological costs, leads to lower self-esteem, high costs for the majority group, impacts life expectancy, and undermines nations political goals
• Intersectionality of Multiple Factors

– Intersectionality holds that the classical models of oppression within society (such as those based on race, ethnicity, religion, gender, class, age, or disability) do not act independently of one another; instead, these forms of oppression interrelate, creating a system of oppression that reflects the “intersection” of multiple forms of discrimination

• Stereotyping and Multiculturalism: A Perspective

Charles Zastrow | Sarah L. Hessenauer, Introduction to Social Work and Social Welfare: Empowering People, 13th Edition. © 2023 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Understand Background Material on Racial Groups: African Americans, Latinos, Native Americans, and Asian Americans Charles Zastrow | Sarah L. Hessenauer, Introduction to Social Work and Social Welfare: Empowering People, 13th Edition. © 2023 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Background of Racial Groups (1 of 2)

• African Americans • Latinos • Mexican Americans

– Puerto Ricans – Cubans Charles Zastrow | Sarah L. Hessenauer, Introduction to Social Work and Social Welfare: Empowering People, 13th Edition. © 2023 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Table 12.1 - Hispanic Population by National Origin (Self-Identified Ethnicity, Not by Birthplace) Table 12.1 Hispanic Population by National Origin (Self-Identified Ethnicity, Not by Birthplace) Hispanic Group Hispanics (%) Mexican 61.9 Puerto Rican 9.6 Cuban 3.9 Salvadoran 3.8 Dominican 3.4 Guatemalan 2.0 Other Hispanic or Latino 15.4 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, July 2019. Charles Zastrow | Sarah L. Hessenauer, Introduction to Social Work and Social Welfare: Empowering People, 13th Edition. © 2023 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Background of Racial Groups (2 of 2)

• Native Americans • Asian Americans

– Japanese Americans – Chinese Americans Charles Zastrow | Sarah L. Hessenauer, Introduction to Social Work and Social Welfare: Empowering People, 13th Edition. © 2023 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Outline Strategies for Advancing Social and Economic Justice Charles Zastrow | Sarah L. Hessenauer, Introduction to Social Work and Social Welfare: Empowering People, 13th Edition. © 2023 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Strategies for Advancing Social and Economic Justice (1 of 2)

• Mass media appeals • Greater interaction among the races • Civil rights laws • Activism • Affirmative action programs

Charles Zastrow | Sarah L. Hessenauer, Introduction to Social Work and Social Welfare: Empowering People, 13th Edition. © 2023 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Strategies for Advancing Social and Economic Justice (2 of 2)

• Confrontation of racist and ethnic remarks and actions • Minority-owned businesses • Asset-based community development

Charles Zastrow | Sarah L. Hessenauer, Introduction to Social Work and Social Welfare: Empowering People, 13th Edition. © 2023 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Describe Social Work’s Commitment to Ending Racial Discrimination and Oppression Charles Zastrow | Sarah L. Hessenauer, Introduction to Social Work and Social Welfare: Empowering People, 13th Edition. © 2023 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Multicultural Social Work Practice • Multicultural or ethnic-sensitive practice seeks to incorporate understanding of diverse ethnic, cultural, and minority groups into the theories and principles that guide social work practice.

• Dual perspective • Empowerment • Strengths perspective • Culturally competent practice • Cultural humility

Charles Zastrow | Sarah L. Hessenauer, Introduction to Social Work and Social Welfare: Empowering People, 13th Edition. © 2023 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Cultural Competence Guidelines (1 of 2)