DSRT 734: Selecting the Correct P-Value for Gender and Daily Exercise

DSRT 734 Question

A teacher wanted to determine if the percent of people who exercise
daily was signficantly different between genders. She ran the following
test with the given output. What is the appropriate p-value for her test?


Contingency Tables

                            Exercise

Gender              Yes             No              Total

Male                12              9               21
Female              15              18              33
Total               27              27              54


Chi-Squared Tests

                    Value           df              p

Χ²                  0.701           1               0.402
N                   54


Log Odds Ratio

                    Log Odds Ratio      Lower       Upper       p

Odds ratio          0.575               -0.518      1.669

Fisher's exact test 0.565               -0.650      1.814       0.577


Option A

p = 0.402


Option B

p = 0.300


Option C

p = 0.577


Option D

p = 0.565

What this question assesses

This item assesses whether a p-value is taken from the row corresponding to the analysis justified by the contingency-table conditions, rather than from an effect estimate, confidence bound, or different test.

How to approach this type of question

Identify the research question as a comparison of proportions across two categorical variables. Reconstruct the 2-by-2 table and inspect the expected-cell conditions that determine which inferential procedure the course would prioritize. Then locate that procedure’s p-value in the output. Keep the chi-square test, Fisher exact test, and log odds ratio conceptually separate: the displayed numerical fields answer different questions, and an effect estimate is not automatically a p-value. Check labels and columns carefully before comparing the answer options. In a full report, include relevant percentages and an effect-size interpretation so the decision is not reduced to one threshold, but the requested selection must still be tied to the chosen test. This page does not select the p-value or option.

Calculate expected counts or read them from validated output before deciding which test row answers the question. Keep the chi-square p-value, Fisher exact p-value, log odds estimate, and interval endpoints in their labeled roles. Compare the selected row with the answer options character by character. If writing a fuller report later, include gender-specific exercise proportions and a bounded effect interpretation; do not describe the association as proof that gender determines exercise behavior. Confirm that the p-value column is not confused with the odds-ratio estimate or either confidence bound. Recalculate the table margins and verify N before relying on any inferential row. Preserve the chi-square symbol and degrees of freedom accurately in later reporting.

Related DSRT 734 questions

• DSRT 734: Choosing a Test for Disease Prevalence by Gender
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• DSRT 734: Testing Chronic Disease Prevalence by Gender in JASP

Related DSRT 734 resources

• University of the Cumberlands course resources
• DSRT 734 Inferential Statistics in Decision-Making
• DSRT 734 Questions: Inferential Statistics in Decision-Making
• Interpreting P-Values, Confidence Intervals, and Effect Sizes