SPAN 100 AMU Week 5 lesson Spanish I American Military University assistance is available on Domyclass
Lesson Overview
- Hola, clase. This week you will recycle all previous material and continue working towards maintaining the vocabulary. This week vocabulary is for locations and times of day: when, but, before, and after; time of day greetings, and additional numbers will be presented.
Students will be able to:- Students will hear, see, write, and speak with the target language and apply what they have learned to demonstrate comprehension in an assessment through multiple choice and fill-in.
- Students will also being using calendar terms, polite conversation, vocabulary used to discuss senses and seasons.
- This week students will be presented with vocabulary about work and school.
In this lesson, we will discuss:
- Cultural celebrations, festivals, and traditions
- Talking about location and time of day
- When, but, before, and after
- Time of day greetings
- Additional numbers
- Calendar terms
- Senses and seasons
This week will provide vocabulary and structure to talk about work and school, schedules and events.
The following activities and assessments need to be completed this week:
- Assignment: Rosetta Stone unit three, lessons one and two
- Week #5 Forum: Cultural exploration
- Quiz #3
- Journal Entry Five
Introduction
Topics to be covered include:
- Locations and times of day – por la mañana, por la tarde, antes de, después de
- Time of day greetings – buenos días, buenas tardes, buenas noches
- The interrogative cuándo
- The prepositions ‘before’ and ‘after ‘
- The conjunction ‘but’
- Time of day greetings – buenos días, buenas tardes, buenas noches
- Numbers 13-20
- Calendar terms
- Senses and seasons
- Polite conversation
We will begin this lesson by learning locations as they relate to times of day and the school and work environment. We will be introduced to time of day greetings and the interrogative ¿cuándo? as part of the work and school environment. You will learn the conjunction ‘but’, the prepositions ‘before’ and ‘after’ as they relate to school and work, calendar terms, senses and seasons, and the numbers 13 to 20. The lesson will finish by putting all these elements together into polite conversation.
Locations and Times of Day
The verb that is used in Spanish for location is one of the ‘to be’ verbs – ESTAR.
Let us review the forms of this verb:
ESTAR follows the regular AR conjugations of first conjugation verbs (AR verbs), but the second and third person both singular and plural, have an accent over the a:
| Singular | Plural | ||
| Yo | Estoy | Nosotros/Nosotras | Estamos |
| Tú | Estas | ||
| Usted | Está | Ustedes | Están |
| Él | Está | Ellos | Están |
| Ella | Está | Ellas | Están |
Locations and Time of Day
A few expressions that are used to indicate time of day are as follows with the English meaning:
| Vocabulary Word | English | Example of Usage |
| Por la mañana | In the morning | El niño estudia en la escuela por la mañana. The boy studies in school in the morning. |
| Por la tarde | In the afternoon | Las niñas estudian en el parque por la tarde. The girls study in the park in the afternoon. |
| Por la noche | At night | La familia mira la tele por la noche. The family watches television at night. |
| Desayunar | To eat breakfast | La familia desayuna antes de la escuela. The family eats breakfast before school. |
| Almorzar | To eat lunch | La niña almuerza en la escuela. The girl eats lunch in school. |
| Cenar | To eat dinner | La familia cena en casa. The family eats dinner at home. |
| Afuera | Outside | La familia almuerza afuera en el parque. The family eats lunch outside in the park. |
| Adentro | Inside | Los alumnos estudian en la clase adentro. The students study in the classroom. |
It is important to note here that while we say “in the morning,” “in the afternoon,” and “at night,” which would be translated “en la mañana” the most correct usage is with the word “por” meaning “through” or “for.”
As the Spanish language becomes more intertwined with American culture, it is not unusual to hear “en la mañana” but the more educated form is “por la mañana.” It is the goal here to teach you the most classic and correct forms used in the most educated circles. Note that ‘en la mañana’ is considered as much slang as new words added to the Merriam Webster dictionary every year – while not complete etiquette – part of our evolving culture.
The Prepositions ‘antes de’ and ‘después de’; the Conjunction ‘but’; and the word Cuando
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- Prepositions ‘antes de’ and ‘después de’The prepositions ‘antes de’ which means ‘before’ and ‘después de’ which means ‘after’ are also used to indicate when an event takes place. The conjunction ‘pero’ meaning ‘but’ is used to connect two sentences together.Examples:Los estudiantes toman el desayuno antes de la escuela en casa, pero comen una merienda después de la escuela en el parque.The students have breakfast before school at home, but eat a snack after school in the park.Los estudiantes estudian en casa por la noche después de la cena.The students study at home at night after dinner.
Time of Day Greetings
In Spanish, there are very specific time of day greetings. In some Spanish-speaking countries, where there is a siesta in the afternoon, one would never think of greeting someone with a ‘good afternoon’ greeting knowing that the person has not yet had his or her afternoon meal yet. Spanish life is centered around these very important times of day and the greetings that follow these segmented periods of the day.
Buenos Días
Buenos días is said to someone in the morning until the time a person has come back from siesta and the main meal of the day, usually around 3 o’clock in the afternoon. As explained in an earlier lesson, sometimes someone will say for short, “Hola, buenas” indicating ‘buenas tardes’ (because as has also been explained – Buenos días is in the masculine) and if the person being greeted has not yet eaten the main meal of the day, he or she will say, “No, buenos,” indicating that it is still the morning for that person. The main meal in the middle of the day is the largest meal. Breakfast, however, is a lighter meal of usually a roll with butter and jam and some coffee, whereas the main meal consists of several courses. The third meal of the day, eaten after 9:00 p.m. is lighter in nature.
Buenas Tardes
Conversely, buenas tardes is the greeting after the main meal of the day. The commencement of the afternoon for Spanish-speaking people in several of the Spanish-speaking countries takes place after the main meal. At that point, upon finishing the main meal and having a period of rest, called the siesta, businesses usually open up again until around 8:00 p.m., after which people will go home to a later dinner that begins at around 9:00 p.m. at night.
Buenas Noches
Buenas noches is almost analogous to saying good-bye to someone, in which a person will say “buenas noches” to someone before going to bed or ending a nocturnal event and will go home to bed.
Practice with Times of Day
Using the word bank, below, decide which is the missing word in each of the following sentences. Think about your answer before you click on the sentence to reveal the answer.
| antes de | Buenos días | Buenas tardes |
| cuando | ¿Cuándo? | después de |
| pero | por la mañana | por la noche |
| por la tarde |