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4) What suggestions can you offer about a qualitative research design

for your colleague’s research topic?

DISCUSSION 2 (Kassandra) (MINIMUM OF 300 WORDS)

REPLY TO MY CLASSMATE’S DISCUSSION BY

ANSWERING THE ABOVE INSTRUCTIONS

What is the research question? How does a qualitative research question differ from the research question in a quantitative study? A quantitative research question aims to understand the relationship between variables where a qualitative research question aims to identify a central question and smaller sub questions to study a phenomenon or concept (Creswell & Creswell, 2018). The research question in this article is, “How does an internet based CBT program help patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and depression?”. Unlike quantitative research studies, qualitative research does not include hypotheses because there are no predictions of outcomes (Creswell & Creswell, 2018). This study aimed to see how the internet based program affected those with CVD and depression. What procedure was used to recruit participants for the sample? Was the sample size appropriate? Why or why not? A randomized control trial was used that included patients 18 years and older, receiving CVD treatment and with at least mild depression (Westas et al., 2022). The randomized control trial was used to reduce selection bias. The study also included people who did the maximum number of modules and the ending sample size was 20 (Westas et al., 2022). This was an appropriate sample size because the study aimed to understand the experience of the participants which requires a small sample size with in depth questions. The phenomenological approach helps understand the lived experience of those being studied (Urcia, 2021). This study aimed to understand participants with CVD and depression and the impact the iCBT program had on their experiences. What do you think the researcher’s paradigm was? The paradigm in a study is composed of 2 factors, epistemology which is the belief in how knowledge is acquired and ontology which is the nature of how truth and reality are identified for an individual or group (Urcia, 2021). The paradigm in this research study was constructivism. The constructivist paradigm or worldview states that humans interpret meaning through their lived experiences (Creswell & Creswell, 2018). The study utilized interviews with open ended questions to truly understand the participants individual experience with the iCBT program. What evidence of reflexivity do you see in the research report? In qualitative research, reflexivity is important to ensure the background and prior experiences of the researchers does not interfere with the direction or interpretation of the research (Creswell & Creswell, 2018). The researchers in this article demonstrated reflexivity in their approach by having the interviews conducted from a nurse in the medical field that could help understand the answers but did not have any connection to the participants. They also conducted a process where multiple researchers were utilized to identify themes in the research and reduce selective perception. Also, the themes were reviewed several times by all of the researchers until an agreement was made. What ethical considerations were mentioned in the research report? What applicable ethical considerations can you think of that were not mentioned by the researchers? The telephone interviews were used in the study to reduce the likelihood that the participants would see the emotional distress from the interviewer (Westas et al., 2022). The participants were also provided with written informed consent and the data was collected utilizing appropriate methods The study was approved prior since it is using human participants. The study did not mention debriefing of the participants which I feel is essential in research studies. How might a qualitative approach be useful for the research topic you chose in Week 1? I plan to use a qualitative approach for my study because it is aimed at understanding the experiences of the participants. My research study is about how parenting styles in childhood affect adult interpersonal relationships. Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2018). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (5th ed.). SAGE. Urcia, I. A. (2021). Comparisons of adaptations in grounded theory and phenomenology: Selecting the specific qualitative research methodologyLinks to an external site.. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 20, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1177/16094069211045474 Westas, M., Mourad, G., Andersson, G., Neher, M., Lundgren, J., & Johansson, P. (2022). The experience of participating in an internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy program among patients with cardiovascular disease and depression: A qualitative interview study. BMC Psychiatry, 22(1), 294. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-022- 03939-7Links to an external site.