Which of the following heart tissues is not part of the internal conduction system of the heart?
A.
atrioventricular bundle
B.
atrioventricular node
C.
Purkinje fibers
D.
sinoatrial node
E.
semilunar valve
Which of the following is the largest artery of the systemic circuit?
A.
aorta
B.
vena cava
C.
femoral artery
D.
carotid artery
E.
pulmonary artery
The innermost layer of an artery is known as what?
A.
mesothelium
B.
endothelium
C.
exothelium
D.
hyperthelium
E.
hypothelium
What is the largest artery in the systemic circuit?
A.
femoral
B.
carotid
C.
pulmonary
D.
hepatic
E.
aorta
Dr.Fergusonexplainedthatinaconditionknownassitusinversus,theinternalorgansarereversed in their orientation.
Thus, the apex of the heart would be oriented to the ___.
During open heart surgery, the first heart structure that would be cut into is the _____________.
A.
myocardium
B.
left ventricle
C.
pericardium
D.
right ventricle
E.
left atrium
Cytotoxic T cells have the ability to
A.
produce antibodies.
B.
destroy pathogens.
C.
increase erythrocyte production.
D.
stimulate thrombin.
E.
produce platelets.
What part of the hemoglobin molecule actually binds the oxygen molecule? What part binds carbon dioxide?
A.
globin chain, globin chain
B.
heme, heme
C.
globin chain, heme
D.
heme, globin chain
E.
cell membrane, cell wall
Agglutination refers to the
A.
production of antibodies.
B.
destruction of red blood cells.
C.
development of platelets.
D.
production of lymphocytes.
E.
clumping of red blood cells
B lymphocytes are associated with
A.
antibody production.
B.
megakaryocyte breakdown.
C.
macrophage production.
D.
antigen production.
E.
allergic reactions.
Coagulation contributes to homeostasis by
A.
keeping the blood within the vessels.
B.
regulating body temperature.
C.
destroying pathogens.
D.
removing debris from the blood.
E.
maintaining the pH of the blood.
Histamine, released during inflammation, is associated with which defense mechanism?
A.
innate
B.
active
C.
complimentary
D.
cell-mediated
E.
adaptive
The reason the complement system is called that is because it
A.
is part of the inflammatory response.
B.
helps other immune responses.
C.
involves chemical barriers to entry.
D.
produces T and B cells.
E.
is composed of normal flora.
What cell types are involved in the inflammatory response?
A.
eosinophils and neutrophils
B.
eosinophils and basophils
C.
basophils and macrophages
D.
neutrophils and macrophages
E.
normal flora (bacteria mostly)
What is the name of the lymphatic vessels located in the small intestines?
A.
tonsils
B.
nodes
C.
polyps
D.
adenoids
E.
Peyer patches
Cytokines are being investigated for a possible treatment of which disease?
A.
AIDS
B.
pneumonia
C.
hepatitis
D.
tuberculosis
E.
malaria
Which of the following is not an autoimmune disease?
A.
hay fever
B.
rheumatic fever
C.
rheumatoid arthritis
D.
systemic lupus erythematosus
E.
myasthenia gravis
Which of the following is important for the attachment stage of the HIV life cycle?
A.
acquisition of an envelope from the host
B.
gp120 spike proteins
C.
cleavage of the proteins by protease
D.
integration of the viral DNA into the host genome
E.
uncoating
Once SARS appeared in China, how long did it take for it to reach nine other countries/provinces via air travel?
A.
3 months
B.
6 months
C.
1 year
D.
2 years
E.
5 years
Where does the life cycle of the Plasmodium protist take place?
A.
mosquito
B.
human
C.
both mosquito and human
D.
snails
E.
pigs
Most people with malaria exhibit chills and fevers every 48-72 hours.
This is due to
A.
reinfection with new Plasmodium .
B.
the bursting of the red blood cells in the body.
C.
the formation of Plasmodium gametes within the body.
D.
the fusion of the male and female Plasmodium gametes to form new organisms.
E.
waves of activity by the body's B- and T-cells.
Why is Helicobacter pylori considered an emerging disease?
A.
It is highly antibiotic resistant.
B.
Ulcers were not known to have an infectious cause until recently.
C.
It is now present on all of the continents.
D.
It can jump from humans to pigs and back again.
E.
It had declined in the 1960s but appears to be back again.
Research shows that in the absence of neural and hormonal influences, the sinoatrial (SA) node
generates action potentials at a frequency of about 100 times per minute.
However, the resting heart rate is about 70 beats per minute.
What would the approximate heart rate be if the vagus nerve were
severed?
A.
about 70 beats per minute
B.
about 100 beats per minute
C.
slower than 70 beats per minute
D.
faster than 100 beats per minute
Which of the following will cause a decrease in heart rate?
A.
parasympathetic nervous system stimulation
B.
sympathetic nervous system stimulation
C.
somatic nervous system stimulation
D.
none of these will slow heart rate
What happens during Phase 2 of cardiac muscle depolarization?
A.
Period of resting potential until the next depolarization.
B.
Rapid upswing in membrane potential; sodium ions enter cardiac cell.
C.Membrane potential falls slightly and then rebounds as potassium flow out of the cell decreases and calcium flows into the cell.
D."The plateau phase"; when the membrane remains in a depolarized state; potassium channels stay closed and calcium channels stay open.
Skeletal muscle is capable of which of the following?
A.
autorhythmicity
B.
wave summation
C.
fused tetanus
D.
wave summation and fused tetanus
E.
wave summation, fused tetanus and autorhythmicity
Which of the following types of muscle are capable of autorhythmicity?
A.
Smooth
B.
Cardiac and skeletal
C.
Cardiac
D.
Skeletal
E.
Cardiac and smooth
What happens during Phase 3 of cardiac muscle depolarization?
3.0/ 3.0 Points
A."The plateau phase"; when the membrane remains in a depolarized state; potassium channels stay closed and calcium channels stay open.
B.Membrane potential falls slightly and then rebounds as potassium flow out of the cell decreases and calcium flows into the cell.
C.
repolarization to reach the resting membrane potential.
D.
Period of resting potential until the next depolarization.
The total refractory period of cardiac muscle _______.
A.
is about the same as the total refractory period for skeletal muscle B.
is longer than the total refractory period for skeletal muscle
C.
is longer than the contraction of cardiac muscle
D.
is shorter than the total refractory period for skeletal muscle
Briefly explain what would happen to the heart rate if the vagus nerve was surgically cut.
Briefly explain why wave summation and tetany would be deadly in cardiac muscle.
Attach your completed Lab Exercise 6, Activity 2: Examining the Effect of Vagus Nerve Stimulation lab report (PEX-06-02_FirstnameLastname.pdf) as the answer to this question.