Muscles that encircle tubes and act as circular valves are called
A.
frenula.
B.
sphincters.
C.
cannula.
D.
anastomoses.
E.
buccinators.
Chad was concerned about eating foods with a high glycemic index because these foods
A.
can cause LDL levels to increase.
B.
can cause HDL levels to decrease.
C.
can cause fatty acids to build up.
D.
can cause a rapid increase in blood glucose.
E.
can cause a sudden drop in blood glucose levels.
Mr.
Staub was rushed to the hospital because he had intense pain in his chest.
After running tests on Mr.
Staub it was determined that it was not suffering from a heart attack but from
A.
diverticulitis.
B.
gastroesophageal reflux disease.
C.
gingivitis.
D.
peridontitis.
E.
inflammatory bowel syndrome.
Which of the following will not reduce dietary lipids?
A.
Remove skin from poultry.
B.
Broil rather than fry.
C.
Use butter instead of herbs and spices.
D.
Use lemon juice instead of salad dressing.
E.
Avoid packaged foods that contain hydrogenated fats.
What is the major function of the colon?
A.
digestion/absorption
B.
form feces
C.
churning foodstuffs
D.
passageway only
E.
eliminate iron
About 90% of people suffering from anorexia nervosa are
A.
young men.
B.
older women.
C.
young women.
D.
older men.
E.
seniors
The process of mechanical digestion includes
A.
breakdown of food particles by enzymes.
B.
physically making food smaller and easier to handle.
C.
churning of food in the muscular stomach.
D.
hydrolysis of nutrients.
E.
absorption of nutrients into the bloodstream.
HowdoesbreathingataverylowrateaffectthereactionH++HCO3-→H2CO3 → H2O +CO2?
A.
pushes it to the right
B.
pushes it to the left
C.
does not affect it
D.
increases the rate at which it occurs E.
decreases the rate at which it occurs
UponXray,itcouldbeseenthatJosh'slungswerefilledwithfluid.Whatistheproperdiagnosisfor Josh's illness?
A.
bronchitis
B.
emphysema
C.
asthma
D.
pulmonary fibrosis
E.
pneumonia
Carotid bodies and aortic bodies detect
A.
blood pH.
B.
oxygen blood levels.
C.
oxygen tissue levels.
D.
stretching of the lungs.
E.
the residual volume.
The amount of air that moves in and out with each breath is called the
A.
vital capacity.
B.
tidal volume.
C.
inspiratory reserve volume.
D.
expiratory reserve volume.
E.
residual volume.
Which of the following is not a part of inspiration?
A.
The pressure in the lungs increases.
B.
The rib cage moves up and out.
C.
The intercostal muscles pull the ribs outward.
D.
The diaphragm contracts and moves down.
E.
Air rushes into the lungs.
Where in the lower respiratory tract would you find goblet cells?
A.
bronchial tree
B.
trachea
C.
lungs
D.
esophagus
E.
nasal cavity
Which respiratory structure is used to produce sound?
A.
larynx
B.
nose
C.
pharynx
D.
glottis
E.
esophagus
Which reaction does carbonic anhydrase catalyze?
A.
H++HCO3-→H2CO3
B.
H2CO3 → H2O +CO2
C.
Hb+O2→ HbO2
D.
HbO2→Hb+O2
E.
None of these.
Which of the following particles are not filtered out of the blood in the glomerulus?
A.
plasma proteins
B.
water
C.
nitrogenous wastes
D.
salts
E.
nutrients
While glucose is filtered out at the glomerulus, none is excreted in the urine.
What happens to the glucose?
A.
It is reabsorbed at the distal convoluted tubule.
B.
It is secreted at the proximal convoluted tubule.
C.
It is reabsorbed at the proximal convoluted tubule.
D.
It is secreted at the distal convoluted tubule.
What hormones regulate the reabsorption of sodium and water in the distal convoluted tubule?
A.
creatinine and renin
B.
renin and aquaporin
C.
aquaporin and aldosterone
D.
aldosterone and renin
E.
creatinine and aldosterone
Why does glucose appear in the urine of a diabetic?
A.
The volume of urine is too great to filter.
B.
No glucose is filtered into the glomerular filtrate.
C.
The kidneys produce glucose in diabetes.
D.
The carriers for glucose reabsorption reach their maximum rate of transport.
E.
The ascending limb of the loop of Henle secretes glucose into the urine.
Which of the following is not a metabolic waste product?
A.
urea
B.
erythropoietin
C.
ammonia
D.
creatinine
Which molecule is secreted from the peritubular capillary network into the convoluted tubules?
A.
water
B.
salt
C.
H+
D.
nutrients
E.
plasma proteins
The renal pelvis is continuous with the
A.
renal cortex.
B.
bladder.
C.
urethra.
D.
ureter.
E.
nephrons.
Which of the following would increase with exercise?
A.
frequency of breathing
B.
minute volume
C.
tidal volume
D.
tidal volume and frequency of breathing
E.
tidal volume, frequency of breathing and minute volume
During an acute asthma attack, the obstruction is caused by _______.
A.
loss of elastic recoil
B.
a spasm of the diaphragm
C.
destruction of the walls of the alveoli
D.
bronchiole smooth muscle spasms
The minute ventilation is _______.
A.
the amount of air forcefully inhaled in 1 minute
B.
the amount of air left in the lungs after 1 minute
C.
calculated by multiplying the rate of respiration times the tidal volume (TV)
D.
the amount of air forcefully exhaled in 1 minute
The changing of the airway radius in the simulation represented changing the size of the _____ .
A.
bronchi and bronchioles
B.
nose and mouth
C.
pharynx
D.
trachea
How much air is is typically inspired and expired per breath during quiet breathing?
3.0/ 3.0 Points
A.
250 mL
B.
500 mL
C.
2000 mL
D.
1000 mL
When the radius of the airway was decreased in the simulation, _______.
A.
residual volume decreased
B.
tidal volume increased
C.
expiratory reserve volume decreased
D.
vital capacity increased
What is the driving force for the movement of air into the lungs?
A.
the pressure gradient
B.
resistance generated in the blood vessels
C.
the diffusion of gases
D.
the pumping of the heart
Brieflydescribethedifferencesbetweenanormallungandthelungsofapatientwithemphysema.
Briefly describe the sequence of events of inspiration.
Attach your completed Lab Exercise 7, Activity 1: Measuring Respiratory Volumes and Calculating Capacities lab report (PEX-07-01_FirstnameLastname.pdf) as the answer to this question.